A lightning/surge arrester is an electrical device used to protect electrical equipment from high transient overvoltage hazards. It is usually connected between the power grid conductor and the ground wire, and sometimes also connected next to the electrical winding or between the conductors, to release overvoltage energy, limit the freewheeling time and amplitude, and thus protect equipment insulation. The basic principle and function of lightning/surge arrester The main function of a lightning/surge arrester is to quickly conduct when overvoltage occurs, introducing the overvoltage into the ground and protecting electrical equipment from damage. When the overvoltage value reaches the specified operating voltage, the lightning/surge arrester will operate, flowing charges, limiting the amplitude of the overvoltage, and protecting the insulation of the equipment; After the voltage value returns to normal, the lightning/surge arrester quickly returns to its original state, ensuring the normal power supply of the system. Classification and structure of lightning arresters Lightning arresters can be classified according to their structure and purpose. Common lightning arresters include zinc oxide lightning/surge arresters, discharge gap lightning/surge arresters, etc. Zinc oxide lightning/surge arrester adopts zinc oxide resistor as the main component, which has nonlinear characteristics and can present low impedance under high voltage, thereby limiting overvoltage. The discharge gap lightning/surge arrester releases overvoltage energy through air breakdown. Application scenarios of lightning/surge arresters Lightning/surge arresters are widely used in various electrical systems and communication lines to protect electrical equipment from damage caused by lightning and overvoltage during power system operation. It is suitable for power supply systems with AC 50/60HZ and rated voltage of 220V/380V, and is suitable for surge protection requirements in residential, tertiary, and industrial fields.
